WISTAT

ABOUT WISTAT-CD

What is Wistat

The Women's Indicators and Statistics Database, Version 4 (Wistat 4), is a global database of statistics and indicators on gender, population and social development. It contains detailed statistics and indicators on a wide range of topics for 206 countries or areas of the world.

The coverage of the current version has been expanded to encompass new areas, including domestic violence, reproductive health and reproductive rights and additional indicators and statistics on education and communication.

Wistat 4 incorporates data available up to mid-1999 which have been compiled and updated in close cooperation with the statistical services of the United Nations agencies. The principal data sources are listed in Wistat-CD in the Introduction; each file or table lists its specific sources in the file or table.

Data formats in Version 4 of Wistat

In the present version, users whose systems run in Windows 95/98/NT may browse data in either of two formats: spreadsheets in Microsoft Excelâ or multidimensional tables in Beyond 20/20â . Excel is a commercial spreadsheet software with the advantage of wide usage worldwide and a simple and intuitive approach that makes it easy to learn and use. Beyond 20/20 is a software which allows a user to display a multidimensional table in various layouts through its pivoting, nesting, selecting and other capabilities.

What's in Wistat-CD

The CD contains Wistat data in two formats: Excel 97 workbooks (.xls) and Beyond 20/20 tables (.ivt). In addition to the data, the CD contains an Introduction, the Beyond 20/20 Browser™ and a tutorial for the browser. Microsoft Excel software is not included in the CD.

Organization of the database

The database is organized into nine subject areas, as follows:

Population composition and distribution

Learning and education

Economic activity

Households, marital status and fertility

Health and health services

Reproductive health and reproductive rights

Public affairs and political participation

Violence National product and expenditure

Each subject area contains a number of topics. Within each topic, data are available for at least one year or period. Most topics have data for four periods --- 1970, 1980, 1990 and latest available year. Some have data for only the latest available year; a few have projections up to the year 2010.

ABOUT THE STATISTICS

Reliability and timeliness

Assessing the reliability of available data is a complex issue for which there is no simple formula. Users will need to address issues of data quality in the context of the particular purposes they have in mind for the data. The international statistical services provide a considerable amount of information on statistical methods, sources and limitations of the data in their statistical publications. These resources are listed in Statistical Sources and referenced extensively in the technical notes and footnotes accompanying each Wistat table or spreadsheet. It is important for the user to study this important information carefully.

Users of international statistics are often concerned about the apparent lack of timeliness in the available data. Unfortunately, most international data are only available with a delay of at least one to three years after the latest year to which they refer, and this is particularly so in the case of social statistics. The reasons for the delay are that the data must first be processed by the national statistical services at the country level, then forwarded to the international statistical services and processed again to ensure as much consistency across countries and over time as possible.

Because there are wide variations in the time which countries need to provide data to international statistical services, the international agencies must establish a trade-off in periodical publications between greater timeliness for a few countries or more delayed coverage of more countries.

Country or area names

Countries or areas are identified by their name, numeric code, and a two-digit geographical region code. For the meanings of the codes see Geographical Region Codes used in Wistat-CD.

The full list of 206 countries or areas excludes old entities. When historical data for new countries are not available, data for the old entity of which the new country was part are sometimes given. These are footnoted accordingly.

The designations used and the presentation of material in Wistat-CD are for statistical convenience and do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

Periods and years

Most of the topics include data for four periods --- 1970, 1980, 1990 and latest available year. In Wistat, the term 1970, 1980 or 1990 is considered in a broader sense as an approximate rather than an exact year, meaning data can refer to a year other than 1970, 1980 or 1990. For example, data shown under the period 1970 could refer to any year within the period 1965 to 1974. For series where data are collected annually, the available data closest to 1970 were selected. Users who need to identify the actual year to which the data refer can find this information in the Excel spreadsheets (but not in the Beyond 20/20 tables).

Certain topics present data as averages of five-year periods, for example 1970-1975. These include the estimates and projections of population and demographic indicators.

Symbols used for missing data

Missing data are simply left blank in the spreadsheets, and indicated by a hyphen (-) in the Beyond 20/20 tables.

GETTING STARTED

System requirements

Wistat-CD will run on an IBM-compatible PC with Windows 3.1/95/98/NT and a minimum configuration of 8 MB of RAM, CD-ROM drive, 256 color display and 6 MB of available hard disk space.

To be able to browse the spreadsheet files, you must also have Microsoft Excel 97 or higher version installed in your computer or Local Area Network (LAN).

Wistat 4 is designed to run optimally on systems with Windows 95/98/NT. Users whose systems run in Windows 3.1 may not be able to use some of the features of Wistat-CD.

Installation on an individual PC

No installation is required to use the spreadsheet files of Wistat, but you must have Microsoft Excel 97 or higher version already installed in your computer or LAN.

To use the Beyond 20/20 Browser for viewing or working with Wistat, you must first install the browser software into your hard disk to ensure proper operation of all components of the browser system. This will take up about 6 MB of your hard disk. Follow the steps below.

For Windows 95/98/NT:

1. Insert Wistat-CD into your CD-ROM drive. The Wistat start program will run automatically and take you to the Wistat cover page.

Note: If Wistat fails to start, your computer's auto play feature might be disabled. Follow these 2 steps: (i) Click the Start button on the Taskbar. (ii) Click Run. In the Open box, type d:\autorun (where d: is your CD-ROM drive) then click OK. The Wistat cover page appears.

2. Click on the Installation button. This will take you to the Installation page.

3. Choose Install Beyond 20/20 to individual PC.

4. You can choose to install only the Beyond 20/20 Browser software (Express Setup) or both software and data (Custom Setup). If you choose the latter, be sure to specify in the Data Directory box the path and folder where you want the files to be copied. The setup procedure will create a program group called Wistat 4.

For Windows 3.1:

1. Insert Wistat-CD into your CD-ROM drive.

2. From your Program Manager window, click File, then Run.

3. In the Command Line box, type d:\start.exe (where d: is your CD-ROM drive) and click OK.

4. Click on the Finish button to launch Internet Explorer.

5. In the Main Menu, click on Install Beyond 20/20 Browser. If asked what you want to do with the file, choose Open it.

6. Click on Install Beyond 20/20 Browser. You can choose to install only the software (Express Setup) or both software and data (Custom Setup). If you choose the latter, be sure to specify in the Data Directory box the path and directory where you want the files to be copied. The setup procedure will create a program group called Wistat4.

Installation onto a LAN

1. Insert Wistat-CD into your CD-ROM drive. The Wistat start program will run automatically and take you to the Wistat cover page.

2. Click on the Installation button. This will take you to the Installation page.

3. Choose Install Wistat4 onto a LAN. Specify the target drive letter and directory on the LAN. Click Finish.

4. After the LAN installation is completed, a short setup procedure for the client PC is given on the screen. This setup has to be done on all client PCs where Wistat will be used.

USING WISTAT IN SPREADSHEETS

For users with Windows 95/98/NT and Excel 97 or higher version

Finding and opening a file

1. From the Main Menu, click on Browse Wistat in Excel format to view the list of topics.

2. From the list of topics, identify the topic you want to view.

3. Under that topic, click on a period or year.

Viewing sources and notes about the data

Sources, technical notes and footnotes are listed in the second sheet of each file. To open this sheet, click on the tab at the lower left edge of the spreadsheet labeled Notes.

Technical notes and footnotes provide important information about the data and should be carefully consulted. For more detailed information on the statistics presented, the user should refer to the data sources listed in the file. These sources often provide a considerable amount of information on methods of collection, reliability, qualifications and limitations of data.

For users with other software which can read Excel 97 files:

Users may want to open or import the Excel files in another software. The 161 Excel workbooks of Wistat are in the folder named W4excel in the CD. To find the name of the file corresponding to your topic of interest, see the file named filelist.xls located in the same folder.

USING WISTAT WITH BEYOND 20/20 BROWSER

Users not familiar with Beyond 20/20 are encouraged to view the tutorial to learn the basics of using the browser. The brief guide below contains information to help you get started.

Beyond 20/20 concepts

A table is an integrated presentation of multi-dimensional data and descriptive text prepared with the Beyond 20/20 Builder™. Tables are composed of descriptive components, dimension field information and data values. When a table is opened, the Browser presents the data in a table view.

A dimension describes an attribute of the table data, e.g., sex, age group or time period. Most of the tables in Wistat 4 have two to five dimensions.

An item is an element in a dimension, e.g. male is an item in the sex dimension, and 1970, an item in the period dimension.

A label is a title or display heading of an item. An item can have more than one label although you see only one label at a time. For example, United States is a label for the country code 840. Another label for code 840 is 3.1, which identifies the geographic region in which the United States is found.

Finding and opening a table

1. If you are not already in the Find dialogue box, click the Find button on the toolbar.

2. Confirm or modify the path shown in the Directory box so that it's pointing to the folder that contains the tables you want to browse.

3. Select the category that most likely contains the table you need. A list of tables belonging to that category is displayed. (Note: If you want to see more information about what a particular table contains, click on its name and click the Summary bar.)

4. Open a Beyond 20/20 table by double-clicking on its name in the Find dialogue box.

Browsing a table

Once you have opened a table, you can browse through the items in any dimension. First you must make a dimension active by clicking on one of the dimension tiles. You'll notice that this dimension is now shown in the Active Dimension box. Click the Previous Item button or the Next Item button to browse through the data for the items in that dimension. Note that each dimension tile shows the dimension name and the code or label of the item for which data is currently displayed.

Viewing table, dimension and item summaries

Summaries give additional textual information about the data you are viewing. File summaries explain what's in a table, and can be viewed by selecting Summary from the File menu. Dimension and item summaries provide additional information specific to a dimension or an item. View dimension summaries by double-clicking on an underlined dimension name. Similarly, view item summaries by clicking on an underlined item code or label.

Switching table dimensions

Once you have opened a table, you are in table view. You can change your view of the table by dragging and dropping dimension tiles with the mouse, one at a time. Referring to the first table in Wistat-CD (table 1.1), if you want to see population across years rather than across age groups, drag the YEAR dimension tile and drop it on the AGE dimension tile (note that YEAR and AGE are two of the four dimensions in this table). The resulting table view shows the YEAR dimension across the columns, with the COUNTRY OR AREA dimension remaining along the rows.

Nesting table dimensions

You can view more than one dimension at the same time along either the rows or the columns by nesting dimensions. Nesting means showing one dimension within another. With the left mouse button depressed, slowly drag the desired dimension tile from the dimension bar to the top or bottom edge of the column labels, or to the right or left edge of the row labels, until a thick line (or highlight) appears. Release the mouse button to nest the dragged dimension.

Referring again to table 1.1 in Wistat-CD, drag the SEX dimension tile until it hits the bottom edge of the column labels and the thick line (or highlight) appears. Release the left mouse button. The SEX dimension is now nested within the AGE dimension.

Selecting data from a table

To reduce the amount of displayed data, to move data to another application, or to chart data, you first need to select it.

* To select a row or column of data, click on the corresponding row or column heading.

* To select multiple consecutive rows or columns, drag the mouse across the row or column headings.

* To select non-adjacent rows or columns, press the Ctrl key while you click on the row and/or column headings.

With the mouse pointer placed within your highlighted selection, click the right mouse button for the short-cut menu, then choose the desired operation. You can show, hide, chart, copy or print the selected items.

Displaying alternative labels

Frequently there is more than one set of labels available for the items in a dimension. For example, there may be a short label and a longer and more descriptive label. To view the alternative set of labels for a dimension:

1. Make the dimension active by clicking on the appropriate dimension tile.

2. Click the Next Label button on the toolbar.

Searching for items along a dimension

You can reduce the items shown along a dimension by displaying only the ones you want. To search for items along a dimension:

1. Make the dimension active by clicking on the appropriate dimension tile.

2. Click the Search button on the toolbar.

3. In the Search dialogue box, select Data if you want to search the data, then enter minimum and/or maximum values to constrain your search. When you click OK, Beyond 20/20 searches the active items and shows only those that satisfy your criteria.

or

In the Search dialogue box, select the non-data field you want to search, then enter the text string that you want to search for in the Text to Find box. When you click OK, Beyond 20/20 searches the field you selected and shows only those items that contain the text string specified.

(Note: This feature can be used to select countries or areas belonging to the same geographic region. To do this, make the COUNTRY OR AREA dimension active by clicking on it, then click the Search button on the toolbar. In the Search dialogue box, select Region, then enter a region code. Only data from countries or areas in the selected region will be shown.)

Sorting data along a dimension

You can sort items along a dimension to reorder them in the table view. To sort items along a dimension:

1. Make the dimension active by clicking on the appropriate dimension tile.

2. Click the Sort button on the toolbar.

3. If you want to sort the dimension based on the data values, select Data in the Sort dialogue box. Then select either Increasing or Decreasing, and click OK.

or

If you want to sort the dimension based on the codes or labels associated with it, select the non-data field that you want to sort on, then indicate the desired Sort Option and click OK.

Charting data

You can choose from many chart types to display data. To create a chart:

1. Select the rows and/or columns that you want to chart.

2. Click the Display Chart button on the toolbar. A chart view is shown.

3. With the mouse pointer in the chart view, click the right mouse button to see the charting short-cut menu and choose Chart Options to change the current chart type.

4. Make a selection and click OK to view the new chart.

ChartBrowse

The ChartBrowse feature lets you view a series of charts in succession so that you can quickly and easily see variations in the data.

1. With the mouse pointer in the chart view, select one of the headings in the title of the chart to make that dimension active.

2. Use the Previous Item and Next Item buttons on the toolbar to chart the previous or next item.

Saving a table

To save a table (or a subset of a table) as a new Beyond 20/20 table, choose Save As from the File menu. You can also save Beyond 20/20 table data in several other formats, including dBase (.dbf), comma-separated value (.csv) and Lotus (.wks). When saving to any non-Beyond 20/20 format, only the data displayed on the screen during the save operation will be saved. If you want to save all of the data, you'll need to nest all the dimensions along the rows and/or columns before saving the table.

For further help on using Beyond 20/20 Browser:

You can go back to the main menu to play the tutorial, or use the on-line Help within the browser by clicking Help or pressing the F1 key.

GEOGRAPHICAL REGION CODES USED IN WISTAT

STATISTICAL SOURCES

1. Alan Guttmacher Institute, Into A New World: Young Women's Sexual and Reproductive Lives (1998).

2. Center for Reproductive Law and Policy, The World's Abortion Laws 1998 (wall chart).

3. Gomez, Elsa G., "Sex Discrimination and Excess Female Mortality in Childhood" in Gender, Women and Health in the Americas (Washington, D.C., PAHO,1993).

4. Inter-Parliamentary Union, Women in Parliaments 1945-1995, A World Statistical Survey, Series "Reports and Documents", no. 23, and < www.ipu.org/wmn-e/classif.htm > (as at April 1999).

5. ________, Women's Suffrage < http://www.ipu.org/wmn-e/suffrage.htm > (as at June 1999).

6. International Labour Office, The Cost of Social Security, Tenth through Fourteenth International Inquiries (Geneva, various years from 1981 to 1996).

7. ________, Economically Active Population 1950-2010, Fourth edition (database on diskettes, 1996).

8. ________, Labour statistics database (LABORSTA, as at August 1998).

9. ________, Yearbook of Labour Statistics, (Geneva, various years through 1998).

10. International Labour Organization, "More than 120 Nations Provide Paid Maternity Leave", Press Release 12 February 1998 (ILO/98/7).

11. ________, Caribbean Multidisciplinary Advisory Team, Digest of Caribbean Labour Statistics 1997 (Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, 1998).

12. Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS and World Health Organization, Report on the Global HIV/AIDS Epidemic, June 1998 (Geneva, 1998).

13. League of Arab States, Pan-Arab Project for Child Development (PAPCHILD), Maternal and Child Health Surveys. PAPCHILD is a regional research programme initiated in 1998 by the League of Arab States with the collaboration of the Arab Gulf Programme for the United Nations Development Organizations (AGFUND), the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Statistics Division of the United Nations Secretariat. The results of participating countries' surveys are published by the League of Arab States and the collaborating agency in each country in country reports.

14. Macro International, Inc., Demographic and Health Surveys (Calverton and Colombia, Maryland, United States of America). The Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) are a project funded primarily by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) to conduct national sample surveys on fertility, family planning and maternal and child health. More than thirty countries have participated in the DHS. The results are published by Macro International, Inc., in individual country reports and in its Comparative Studies series. Data from DHS cited in Wistat were compiled from these reports.

15. South Pacific Commission, Pacific Island Populations, Revised edition (Noumea, New Caledonia, 1998).

16. Spain, Ministerio de Asuntos Sociales (Social Affairs Ministry), Instituto de la Mujer (Women's Institute), and Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales (Latin American Faculty of Social Sciences), Mujeres Latinoamericanas en Cifras (Madrid and Santiago, Chile, 1990-1994). Nineteen country reports have been issued in this series.

17. Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, Demographic Yearbook 1990 (Moscow Finstatinform, 1990). In Russian.

18. United Nations, reports of the Secretary General, 1975, 1976, 1980, 1987, 1989, 1993 and 1998 on Personnel Questions: Composition of the Secretariat (A/10184, A/31/154, A/35/528, A/42/636, A/44/604, A/48/559 and A/53/375).

19. ________, Administrative Committee on Co-ordination (ACC), Note by the Consultative Committee on Administrative Questions (Personnel and General Administrative Questions) on Personnel Statistics, 1993 and 1999 (ACC/1993/PER/R.16 and ACC/1999/PER/R.10).

20. ________, Age Patterns of Fertility, 1995-2000: The 1998 Revision (database on diskettes, 1998).

21. ________, Compendium of Housing Statistics 1975-77 (United Nations publications, Sales No. E/F.80.XVII.4).

22. ________, Compendium of Human Settlements Statistics 1983 and 1995 (United Nations publications, Sales Nos. E/F.84.XVII.5 and E/F.95.XVII.11).

23. ________, Demographic Yearbook (United Nations publication, annual editions, 1973 -1997) and Demographic Statistics Database (up to January 1999), unpublished data.

24. ________, Estimates and projections of populations by sex and five-year age groups, 1950-2050, The 1998 Revision (database on diskettes, 1998).

25. ________, Fertility Behavior in the Context of Development: Evidence from the World Fertility Survey, Population Studies, No. 100 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.86.XIII.5).

26. ________, First Marriage: Patterns and Determinants (United Nations publication, ST/ESA/SER.R/76, 1988).

27. ________, Levels and Trends of Contraceptive Use as Assessed in 1994 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.96.XIII.13).

28. ________, National Accounts Statistics Database (April 1999), unpublished.

29. ________, Patterns of First Marriage: Timing and Prevalence (United Nations publication, ST/ESA/SER.R/111, 1990).

30. ________, "Some Aspects of Family Planning Program and Fertility in Selected ECA Member States", African Population Study Series No. 9 (1985).

31. ________, World Abortion Polices 1999 (wall chart) (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.99.XIII.5, 1999).

32. ________, World Contraceptive Use 1998 (wall chart) (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.99.XIII.4).

33. ________, World migrant populations: the foreign-born, database compiled by the Population Division of the United Nations Secretariat.

34. ________, World Population Prospects, The 1998 Revision, Volume I: Comprehensive Tables (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.99.XIII.9).

35. United Nations Children's Fund, Child Malnutrition: Country Profiles (New York, 1993) and underweight statistics database (as at December 1998), unpublished.

36. ________, Database on breast-feeding (as at December 1998), unpublished.

37. ________, State of the World's Children (New York, Oxford University Press, annual editions, 1994 -1999).

38. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Compendium of Statistics on Illiteracy, Statistical Reports and Studies, No. 31 (Paris, 1990).

39. ________, Statistical Yearbook (Paris, annual editions, 1986 -1998) and unpublished data.

40. ________, Statistics of Educational Attainment and Illiteracy, 1970-1980, CSR-E-44 (Paris, 1983).

41. World Health Organization, Coverage of Maternity Care: A Listing of Available Information, fourth edition (Geneva, Switzerland, 1997, WHO/RHT/MSM/96.28).

42. ________, Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition < http://www.who.int/nutgrowthdb> (as at April 1999).

43. ________, The Tobacco Epidemic: A Global Public Health Emergency. Tobacco Alert (Special Issue, 1996).

44. ________, WHO Database on Violence against Women (as at June 1999).

45. ________, Water supply and sanitation coverage database (as at March 1998), unpublished.

Note:

Additional data for Wistat 4 were provided by the Commonwealth of Independent States, the Pan American Health Organization, the Division for Advancement of Women and the Population Division of the United Nations Secretariat, and the World Health Organization.

UNITED NATIONS SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT

1. DEFINITIONS

a. Documentation The term "Documentation" means the material and information provided with the Product.

b. Licensee The term "Licensee" means the purchaser of the license to the Wistat-CD.

c. Licensor The term "Licensor" means the United Nations.

d. Product The term "Product" means the Wistat-CD.

2. LICENSE

a. Licensor hereby transfers and assigns, and Licensee hereby accepts, all of Licensor's right, title and interest in and to that certain non-exclusive, non-revocable, royalty-free, fully paid-up license to use the Product in accordance with the Documentation furnished herewith.

b. Licensee shall reproduce and include any copyright notice of the Licensor and any other Documentation furnished herewith in connection with any copies of the Product which may be made by or on behalf of Licensee pursuant to this License Agreement, in the exact form it appears on the Product and on the media.

3. WARRANTY

a. Licensor warrants and represents that it has the right to transfer and assign the License referred to in Article 2 hereof to Licensee. In the event the Product is or shall become the subject of an infringement claim, Licensor shall, at its expense and at its option, either: (i) procure for the Licensee the right to continue to use the Product as contemplated hereunder or (ii) replace or modify the Product or part thereof so as to make it non-infringing or (iii) refund the purchase price paid by Licensee.

b. THE WARRANTY SET FORTH IN PARAGRAPH 3 (A) ABOVE IS THE ONLY WARRANTY APPLICABLE TO THIS TRANSACTION. ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, ARE SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMED.

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d. IT IS UNDERSTOOD AND AGREED THAT LICENSOR'S LIABILITY, WHETHER PURSUANT TO THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY APPLICABLE LAW, SHALL NOT, UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCE, EXCEED THE REFUND OF THE PURCHASE PRICE PAID BY LICENSEE TO LICENSOR IN CONNECTION WITH THE PRODUCT AND THE ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTATION. MOREOVER, UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCE, SHALL LICENSOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES. THE PRICE STATED FOR THE PRODUCT AND THE ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTATION SHALL BE DEEMED THE CONSIDERATION FOR THE LIMITATION OF LICENSOR'S LIABILITY HEREUNDER. NO PROCEEDING, REGARDLESS OF FORM, ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS TRANSACTION, MAY BE BROUGHT BY LICENSEE MORE THAN ONE YEAR (1) AFTER THE DATE OF THIS AGREEMENT.

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CONTACT INFORMATION

For technical information or to submit questions, suggestions or comments on Wistat-CD, visit http://www.un.org/Depts/unsd/support/wistat.htm or contact:

Social and Housing Statistics Section
Statistics Division
United Nations, Room DC2-1584
New York, NY 10017 USA
Phone: (1)(212)963-4507
Fax: (1)(212)963-4116
e-mail: genderstats@un.org

For other UN statistics and statistical publications, visit http://www.un.org/Depts/unsd

To order Wistat-CD and other UN publications, visit http://www.un.org/Publications or contact:

United Nations Publications

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Phone: (1)(212)963-8302 or (1)(800)253-9646
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or
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Copyright © United Nations 1999. All rights reserved.